{"id":16606,"date":"2018-04-17T20:59:22","date_gmt":"2018-04-18T00:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/non-classe\/enfermer-les-pauvres-parce-quils-sont-pauvres-laclc-a\/"},"modified":"2026-06-11T11:35:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T15:35:24","slug":"enfermer-les-pauvres-parce-quils-sont-pauvres-laclc-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/fr\/non-classe\/enfermer-les-pauvres-parce-quils-sont-pauvres-laclc-a\/","title":{"rendered":"Enfermer les pauvres parce qu\u2019ils sont pauvres : l\u2019ACLC \u00e0\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1355″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-links\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][divider line_type=\u00a0\u00bbNo Line\u00a0\u00bb custom_height=\u00a0\u00bb30″][vc_column_text]\n
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Cette semaine, l’Association canadienne des libert\u00e9s civiles se pr\u00e9sentera devant la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada pour faire valoir qu’une suramende obligatoire impos\u00e9e \u00e0 tous les \u00ab contrevenants \u00bb constitue un ch\u00e2timent cruel et inhabituel qui devrait \u00eatre annul\u00e9 par la Cour.<\/p>\n

La suramende compensatoire oblige les personnes reconnues coupables d\u2019une infraction p\u00e9nale \u00e0 verser une somme d\u2019argent, en plus des amendes pr\u00e9vues par leur peine. Le non-paiement de cette suramende peut donner lieu \u00e0 une peine d\u2019emprisonnement. En 2013, le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral a supprim\u00e9 le pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire des juges de renoncer \u00e0 la suramende dans certaines circonstances. La question en litige dans les affaires port\u00e9es devant la Cour supr\u00eame cette semaine (Tinker et al. c. Sa Majest\u00e9 la Reine<\/em> et Boudreault c. Sa Majest\u00e9 la Reine<\/em>) est de savoir si cette suppression du pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire \u00e9tait constitutionnelle. <\/p>\n

Emprisonner les pauvres simplement parce qu\u2019ils sont pauvres, c\u2019est la r\u00e9surgence populiste de la prison pour dettes, cette pratique barbare d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e par Charles Dickens. Le juge Binnie l\u2019a formul\u00e9 ainsi : <\/p>\n

La prison pour dettes, destin\u00e9e aux personnes d\u00e9munies, est un concept digne de Dickens qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement aboli dans les pays civilis\u00e9s. L\u2019emprisonnement pour dettes civiles a \u00e9t\u00e9 aboli en Ontario \u00e0 la fin du XIXe si\u00e8cle. Dans le cadre de ses r\u00e9formes en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9termination de la peine de 1996, le Parlement a d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 que la prison devait \u00eatre r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 ceux dont la conduite m\u00e9rite qu\u2019ils y soient incarc\u00e9r\u00e9s. En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, le juge de premi\u00e8re instance a estim\u00e9 qu\u2019une peine avec sursis assortie d\u2019une p\u00e9riode de probation serait appropri\u00e9e, mais cela n\u2019\u00e9tait pas possible en vertu de la Loi. Or, la prison pour dettes \u00ab au sein de la communaut\u00e9 \u00bb, ce \u00e0 quoi revient une peine avec sursis, est r\u00e9pr\u00e9hensible dans le cas d\u2019une personne qui ne m\u00e9rite pas la prison mais qui est simplement incapable de payer. Comme on le verra, l\u2019objectif de l\u2019imposition d\u2019une peine d\u2019emprisonnement en cas de d\u00e9faut de paiement est d\u2019inciter fortement les contrevenants ayant les moyens de payer une amende \u00e0 s\u2019acquitter de celle-ci. L’incapacit\u00e9 r\u00e9elle de payer une amende ne constitue pas un motif valable justifiant une peine d’emprisonnement. (R. c. Wu, [2003] 3 RCS 530). <\/em><\/p>\n

Comme l\u2019a \u00e9crit le juge Doherty dans cette affaire en appel : \u00ab L\u2019emprisonnement \u00e9conomique, qu\u2019il soit purg\u00e9 en prison ou en libert\u00e9, est contraire aux dispositions actuelles du Code criminel<\/em> relatives aux amendes. \u00bb (R. c. Wu<\/em>), au paragraphe 40).<\/p>\n

En supprimant le pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire des juges de dispenser les d\u00e9linquants indigents du paiement de la surtaxe, cette surtaxe obligatoire punit et discrimine les personnes d\u00e9munies. Une personne qui est v\u00e9ritablement incapable de payer cette surtaxe doit faire face \u00e0 la menace constante d\u2019une incarc\u00e9ration. Le stress li\u00e9 au non-paiement est aggrav\u00e9 par une multitude de cons\u00e9quences juridiques et personnelles suppl\u00e9mentaires auxquelles une personne d\u00e9munie ne peut, de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9aliste, esp\u00e9rer \u00e9chapper. Cela inclut la stigmatisation li\u00e9e au fait d\u2019\u00eatre redevable envers la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tout en \u00e9tant incapable de rembourser sa dette et de faire ne serait-ce que le premier pas vers la r\u00e9insertion. Cela inclut \u00e9galement l\u2019in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 d\u2019une personne \u00e0 obtenir une gr\u00e2ce et les effets associ\u00e9s \u00e0 cette in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 sur ses perspectives d\u2019emploi, de r\u00e9insertion et de r\u00e9int\u00e9gration dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Une sanction p\u00e9cuniaire obligatoire, impos\u00e9e ind\u00e9pendamment de la situation financi\u00e8re, n’a pas sa place dans un syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale \u00e9quitable et juste. Le droit p\u00e9nal doit \u00eatre suffisamment souple pour permettre au pouvoir judiciaire d’apporter des r\u00e9ponses adapt\u00e9es et individualis\u00e9es aux comportements d\u00e9lictueux et d’\u00e9viter d’imposer des peines inutilement cruelles et s\u00e9v\u00e8res aux personnes vivant dans la pauvret\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Les avocats charg\u00e9s de cette affaire sont Christopher D. Bredt, Pierre N. Gemson et Alannah M. Fotheringham, du cabinet Borden Ladner Gervais LLP.<\/p>\n

Pour visionner la retransmission en ligne des audiences, cliquez ici<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pour consulter le m\u00e9moire d’intervention de l’ACLC dans cette affaire, cliquez ici<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’Association canadienne des libert\u00e9s civiles (ACLC) va contester l’injonction d’une port\u00e9e exceptionnellement large \u00e9mise par le gouvernement de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse, qui restreint les manifestations dans la province.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12956,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[255],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-non-classe"],"yoast_head":"\nEnfermer les pauvres parce qu\u2019ils sont pauvres : l\u2019ACLC \u00e0\u2026 - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Enfermer les pauvres parce qu\u2019ils sont pauvres : l\u2019ACLC \u00e0\u2026 - 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