{"id":15129,"date":"2021-04-01T18:46:54","date_gmt":"2021-04-01T22:46:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/non-classe\/la-defaite-du-gouvernement-de-lontario-devant-la-cour-dappel-est-une-victoire-pour-la-transparence\/"},"modified":"2026-06-11T10:10:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T14:10:09","slug":"la-defaite-du-gouvernement-de-lontario-devant-la-cour-dappel-est-une-victoire-pour-la-transparence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/la-defaite-du-gouvernement-de-lontario-devant-la-cour-dappel-est-une-victoire-pour-la-transparence\/","title":{"rendered":"La d\u00e9faite du gouvernement de l’Ontario devant la Cour d’appel est une victoire pour la transparence"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1355″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-links\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]1er avril 2021<\/p>\n

Une d\u00e9cision de la Cour d’appel de l’Ontario a donn\u00e9 gain de cause aux d\u00e9fenseurs de l’\u00c9tat de droit et de la responsabilit\u00e9 du gouvernement.<\/p>\n

Dans l\u2019affaire Francis c. Ontario<\/a>, rendue publique le 31 mars 2021, la Cour a \u00e9t\u00e9 saisie d\u2019un pourvoi contre une d\u00e9cision condamnant le gouvernement de l\u2019Ontario \u00e0 verser 30 millions de dollars de dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats aux membres d\u2019un recours collectif. Les membres du groupe \u00e9taient des personnes qui avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9es en isolement administratif (isolement cellulaire) dans des \u00e9tablissements correctionnels de l\u2019Ontario entre avril 2015 et septembre 2019 \u2013 en particulier celles souffrant d\u2019une maladie mentale grave et celles plac\u00e9es en isolement pendant plus de 15 jours cons\u00e9cutifs. <\/p>\n

Le minist\u00e8re public avait interjet\u00e9 appel de la d\u00e9cision du tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance, faisant valoir qu\u2019il n\u2019y avait ni violation des droits garantis par la Charte ni n\u00e9gligence de la part des autorit\u00e9s. La Cour d\u2019appel a rejet\u00e9 ces deux arguments. La Cour s\u2019est rang\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019avis d\u2019autres d\u00e9cisions rendues en Ontario qui ont conclu que la pratique de l\u2019isolement cellulaire constituait une violation de l\u2019article 7 de la Charte (le droit \u00e0 la vie, \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 et \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la personne, ainsi que le droit de ne pas en \u00eatre priv\u00e9, sauf conform\u00e9ment aux principes de justice fondamentale) et de l\u2019article 12 de la Charte (le droit de ne pas subir de peines cruelles et inusit\u00e9es). <\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne la question de la n\u00e9gligence, le minist\u00e8re public s’est en partie appuy\u00e9 sur la loi sur la responsabilit\u00e9 de l’\u00c9tat et les proc\u00e9dures (CLPA), une loi adopt\u00e9e en 2019 qui \u00e9tait susceptible d’\u00e9largir consid\u00e9rablement le champ d’application de l’immunit\u00e9 de l’\u00c9tat. En vertu de la l\u00e9gislation en vigueur avant l\u2019adoption de la CLPA, le gouvernement n\u2019\u00e9tait pas responsable en cas de n\u00e9gligence concernant les \u00ab questions de politique \u00bb, mais pouvait \u00eatre tenu responsable en cas de n\u00e9gligence concernant les \u00ab questions op\u00e9rationnelles \u00bb. En vertu de la CLPA, la m\u00eame r\u00e8gle s\u2019appliquait, \u00e0 l\u2019exception du fait que la d\u00e9finition des \u00ab questions de politique \u00bb dans la loi \u00e9tait exceptionnellement large et \u00e9liminait, pourrait-on dire, toute distinction significative entre la politique et l\u2019op\u00e9ration. <\/p>\n

L\u2019ACLC s\u2019est montr\u00e9e profond\u00e9ment pr\u00e9occup\u00e9e par cette loi d\u00e8s son adoption, car elle risquait de compromettre gravement les efforts l\u00e9gitimes visant \u00e0 demander des comptes au gouvernement pour ses fautes par le biais de poursuites civiles. Nous sommes intervenus dans des affaires o\u00f9 les tribunaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 appel\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019interpr\u00e9ter. Dans l\u2019affaire Leroux c. Ontario<\/a>, une d\u00e9cision r\u00e9cente de la Cour divisionnaire de l\u2019Ontario, l\u2019ACLC \u00e9tait intervenue pour faire valoir qu\u2019une immunit\u00e9 \u00e9largie accord\u00e9e \u00e0 la Couronne empi\u00e9tait sur le domaine de l\u2019inconstitutionnalit\u00e9 en \u00e9cartant la comp\u00e9tence des cours sup\u00e9rieures. Dans l\u2019affaire Leroux, la Cour a finalement estim\u00e9 qu\u2019il n\u2019\u00e9tait pas n\u00e9cessaire de se prononcer sur l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation de la CLPA et a statu\u00e9 sur l\u2019affaire pour d\u2019autres motifs. <\/p>\n

Dans l\u2019affaire Francis, l\u2019ACLC est \u00e9galement intervenue sur la question de l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation de la CLPA. La Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario s\u2019est pench\u00e9e directement sur cette question et a conclu qu\u2019en l\u2019absence de dispositions claires dans la loi, celle-ci ne pouvait \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e comme modifiant le droit coutumier relatif \u00e0 l\u2019immunit\u00e9 de la Couronne. La Cour s\u2019est appuy\u00e9e en partie sur les d\u00e9clarations faites par le procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral lors de l\u2019adoption de la loi, selon lesquelles celle-ci visait simplement \u00e0 codifier la common law. <\/p>\n

La d\u00e9cision de la Cour constitue une victoire pour tous ceux qui ont \u00e0 c\u0153ur la responsabilit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat. Nous tenons \u00e0 remercier Jonathan Lisus, Phillip Underwood et Zain Naqi, du cabinet Lax O\u2019Sullivan Lisus Gottlieb, pour leur excellente repr\u00e9sentation b\u00e9n\u00e9vole dans l\u2019affaire Francis, ainsi que Jennifer Hunter et Jacqueline Palef, du cabinet Lerners LLP, pour leur excellente repr\u00e9sentation b\u00e9n\u00e9vole dans l\u2019affaire Leroux. <\/p>\n

Cara Zwibel est directrice du programme \u00ab Libert\u00e9s fondamentales \u00bb \u00e0 l’Association canadienne des libert\u00e9s civiles[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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