{"id":14941,"date":"2020-12-04T02:56:05","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T07:56:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/non-classe\/tribunaux-ad-hoc-en-cas-durgence-publique\/"},"modified":"2026-06-11T10:08:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T14:08:22","slug":"tribunaux-ad-hoc-en-cas-durgence-publique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/fr\/justice-penale\/tribunaux-ad-hoc-en-cas-durgence-publique\/","title":{"rendered":"Tribunaux ad hoc en cas d’urgence publique"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1355″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-links\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][divider line_type=\u00a0\u00bbNo Line\u00a0\u00bb custom_height=\u00a0\u00bb30″][vc_column_text]4 d\u00e9cembre 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

Au Canada, nous pouvons l\u00e9gitimement \u00eatre fiers de notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire ind\u00e9pendant, reconnu \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle internationale, contrairement \u00e0 nos voisins du sud, o\u00f9 la partisanerie transforme les nominations judiciaires en un v\u00e9ritable cirque politique. Mais une d\u00e9cision r\u00e9cente de la Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis <\/span>concernant une restriction anti-COVID \u00e0 New York <\/span>devrait inciter les Canadiens \u00e0 faire preuve de modestie, compte tenu de l\u2019\u00e9tat de notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire<\/span>. Ce n\u2019est pas tant la d\u00e9cision elle-m\u00eame qui pose probl\u00e8me, mais le fait qu\u2019elle ait m\u00eame pu \u00eatre rendue. Alors que les Am\u00e9ricains peuvent obtenir, et obtiennent effectivement, un jugement rapide sur leurs droits constitutionnels devant leurs tribunaux, ce n\u2019est tout simplement pas le cas des Canadiens. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>La semaine derni\u00e8re, j’<\/span>dans l\u2019affaire <\/span>affaire Dioc\u00e8se catholique de Brooklyn c. Cuomo<\/span><\/em>, la Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis a suspendu un d\u00e9cret de l\u2019\u00c9tat de New York qui n\u2019\u00e9tait pas sans rappeler les d\u00e9crets provinciaux adopt\u00e9s chaque semaine au Canada. Cela a fait grand bruit aux \u00c9tats-Unis <\/span>, les m\u00e9dias s\u2019\u00e9tant principalement int\u00e9ress\u00e9s<\/span> principalement sur la politique judiciaire \u2013 la mani\u00e8re dont les nominations du pr\u00e9sident Trump transforment l\u2019Am\u00e9rique. <\/span>Ces derniers temps, <\/span>trois <\/span>d\u00e9cisions de cette Cour <\/span>ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rendues <\/span>concernant la r\u00e9glementation des \u00c9tats face \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie, en ce qui concerne les lieux de culte. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Cela me laisse sans voix. Au Canada, nous n’avons aucune d\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame <\/span>de la Cour supr\u00eame <\/span>sur <\/span>n’importe quelle<\/span> r\u00e9glementation relative \u00e0 une pand\u00e9mie<\/span> r\u00e9glementation relative \u00e0 une pand\u00e9mie, quel que soit le niveau de gouvernement<\/span>. En fait, il se peut qu\u2019il n\u2019existe pas une seule d\u00e9cision d\u2019appel concernant un r\u00e8glement relatif \u00e0 une pand\u00e9mie, nulle part au Canada.<\/span> <\/span>C’est vrai que <\/span>le<\/span> <\/span>susmentionn\u00e9 <\/span>d\u00e9cision am\u00e9ricaine mentionn\u00e9e plus haut concernait un appel d\u2019injonction, dont la proc\u00e9dure est plus rapide que celle des jugements d\u00e9finitifs. Or, aucun appel d\u2019injonction canadien li\u00e9 \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie n\u2019est en cours d\u2019examen \u00e0 Ottawa.<\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Ce<\/span>ce qui est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 aux \u00c9tats-Unis et dans d\u2019autres pays encore plus enclins aux litiges (comme l\u2019Allemagne, la Su\u00e8de ou Isra\u00ebl), c\u2019est une attention juridique plus rigoureuse accord\u00e9e aux droits de l\u2019homme. On ne jette pas le b\u00e9b\u00e9 avec l\u2019eau du bain : on accorde une grande d\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux justifications de l\u2019ex\u00e9cutif en faveur de restrictions proportionn\u00e9es et fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es empiriques. C\u2019est tout simplement plus d\u00e9mocratique. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale, <\/span>t<\/span>il y a beaucoup<\/span> au Canada<\/span>, m\u00eame par rapport \u00e0 nos pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs coloniaux, le Royaume-Uni et la France. <\/span><\/a> Cela s\u2019explique<\/span> pour diverses raisons, <\/span>qui, mises bout \u00e0 bout, <\/span>cercle vicieux<\/span> de pouvoir gouvernemental incontr\u00f4l\u00e9<\/span>. Si l\u2019on sait qu\u2019aucun recours ne peut \u00eatre obtenu pour faire valoir un droit, car les proc\u00e9dures judiciaires sont si longues, on est alors beaucoup moins enclin \u00e0 engager une action en justice d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part. De plus, comme les actions d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat public sont <\/span>si<\/span> rares au Canada, les parties qui les intentent font l\u2019objet d\u2019une attention particuli\u00e8re d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Par exemple, le maire de Toronto a d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 le recours en justice intent\u00e9 par notre organisation, en collaboration avec une coalition de militants et d’associations d’aide aux sans-abri, en avril dernier<\/span> concernant la mauvaise gestion du probl\u00e8me des sans-abri par la municipalit\u00e9<\/span>. <\/span>\u00ab Je pense que des affaires comme ce proc\u00e8s ne sont pas seulement <\/span>inutile<\/span>\u00ab C’est contre-productif, car cela emp\u00eache le personnel municipal de se consacrer \u00e0 la gestion de la crise pour se consacrer plut\u00f4t \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction de notes juridiques \u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/span> Bon, voil\u00e0 <\/span>est un expert<\/span> politique <\/span>tourner<\/span>, mais cela<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>\u00e9galement<\/span> des propos farfelus, parce que <\/span>C’est la Mairie qui a fait appel \u00e0 des avocats pour d\u00e9fendre notre dossier, pas le service du logement !<\/span>!<\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Canadien <\/span>r\u00e9ticence<\/span>r\u00e9ticence \u00e0 faire des vagues sur le plan juridique <\/span>touche les institutions, les entreprises et peut-\u00eatre m\u00eame <\/span>les t\u00e9moins experts <\/span>trop souvent <\/span>n\u00e9cessaires pour <\/span>ce <\/span>proc\u00e8s. Trouver <\/span> a<\/span>un <\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9miologiste dispos\u00e9 \u00e0 t\u00e9moigner contre une r\u00e9glementation relative \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie <\/span>m’a rappel\u00e9 le moment o\u00f9 j’avais trouv\u00e9 un technicien pr\u00eat \u00e0 t\u00e9moigner contre Google, \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque o\u00f9 nous \u00e9tions en litige au sujet du projet immobilier Quayside<\/span> .<\/span>. <\/span>Bonne chance, surtout si vous \u00eates<\/span> une petite association caritative comme la n\u00f4tre, <\/span>ou une<\/span> petite entreprise, sans parler d\u2019un particulier. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Mais ne vous m\u00e9prenez pas. Le principal obstacle \u00e0 un r\u00e8glement rapide<\/span>de<\/span>de nos droits constitutionnels est l\u2019administration de la justice au Canada. <\/span>Les juges et les avocats travaillent d\u2019arrache-pied. Il n\u2019y a tout simplement pas assez de tribunaux, avec suffisamment de juges et de capacit\u00e9s, pour traiter une affaire urgente <\/span>avec la diligence requise. Notre syst\u00e8me n\u2019est pas con\u00e7u comme celui des \u00c9tats-Unis, en raison d\u2019une offre insuffisante, ce qui renforce une demande d\u00e9j\u00e0 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e. Il en r\u00e9sulte <\/span>un frein \u00e0 notre libert\u00e9 et \u00e0 notre d\u00e9mocratie. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s tout, <\/span>ces tribunaux am\u00e9ricains <\/span>imposent <\/span>les gouvernements f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et tous les gouvernements des \u00c9tats<\/span> \u00e0 d\u00e9passer un d\u00e9bat exag\u00e9r\u00e9 et simpliste opposant la vie \u00e0 la libert\u00e9. Si c’\u00e9tait vrai, alors pourquoi ne pas simplement gouverner comme la Chine, en imposant l’assignation \u00e0 r\u00e9sidence \u00e0 tous, sans exception ? Parce que nous pouvons faire mieux au Canada. Nous pouvons utiliser un scalpel, et non un <\/span>marteau<\/span>, pour imposer des restrictions n\u00e9cessaires, proportionn\u00e9es et manifestement justifi\u00e9es <\/span>\u00e0<\/span> nos libert\u00e9s constitutionnelles. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Puisque nous ne pouvons pas <\/span>r\u00e9volutionner<\/span> notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire du jour au lendemain pour rendre la justice en temps opportun, il est peut-\u00eatre temps que le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral fasse valoir ses pouvoirs constitutionnels afin de mettre en place des tribunaux ad hoc en cas d\u2019urgence publique, pour que le petit citoyen puisse \u00eatre entendu<\/span> \u2014 en faisant appel \u00e0<\/span> <\/span>les avocats, les parajuristes et <\/span>le secteur lucratif de l\u2019arbitrage au Canada \u00e0 s\u2019engager davantage au service de la collectivit\u00e9. Ou, Dieu nous en pr\u00e9serve, <\/span>les gouvernements <\/span>pourraient<\/span> nommer d’urgence <\/span>nommer <\/span>suffisamment <\/span>juges<\/span> et de personnel judiciaire<\/span>, surtout maintenant que les salles d\u2019audience peuvent \u00eatre remplac\u00e9es par des audiences en ligne. <\/span>Appelez cela la gestion d’urgence de nos droits, afin de renforcer la confiance du public dans un syst\u00e8me judiciaire canadien de plus en plus <\/span>surcharg\u00e9e<\/span> gestion de la pand\u00e9mie au Canada. <\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Michael Bryant est directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’Association canadienne des libert\u00e9s civiles et a \u00e9t\u00e9 le 35e<\/span><\/em>e<\/span><\/em> procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019Ontario ; il admet donc qu\u2019il porte une part de responsabilit\u00e9.<\/span><\/em> <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au Canada, nous pouvons l\u00e9gitimement nous r\u00e9jouir de l’ind\u00e9pendance de notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire, reconnu \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle internationale, contrairement \u00e0 nos voisins du sud, o\u00f9 la partisanerie transforme les nominations judiciaires en un v\u00e9ritable cirque politique. Cependant, une d\u00e9cision r\u00e9cente de la Cour supr\u00eame des \u00c9tats-Unis concernant une mesure anti-COVID \u00e0 New York devrait inciter les Canadiens \u00e0 faire preuve de modestie, compte tenu de l’\u00e9tat de notre syst\u00e8me juridique. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":14943,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[345,275,276],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-covid-19","category-justice-penale","category-proces-equitable-procedure-reguliere-et-condamnation"],"yoast_head":"\nTribunaux ad hoc en cas d'urgence publique - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tribunaux ad hoc en cas d'urgence publique - CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au Canada, nous pouvons l\u00e9gitimement nous r\u00e9jouir de l'ind\u00e9pendance de notre syst\u00e8me judiciaire, reconnu \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle internationale, contrairement \u00e0 nos voisins du sud, o\u00f9 la partisanerie transforme les nominations judiciaires en un v\u00e9ritable cirque politique. 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