{"id":13714,"date":"2024-04-23T09:56:14","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T13:56:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/non-classe\/liberte-dassociation-la-csc-confirme-que-le-meme-critere-sapplique-aux-revendications-de-droits-positifs-et-negatifs\/"},"modified":"2026-06-10T15:16:37","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T19:16:37","slug":"liberte-dassociation-la-csc-confirme-que-le-meme-critere-sapplique-aux-revendications-de-droits-positifs-et-negatifs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.ccla.org\/fr\/communiques-de-presse\/liberte-dassociation-la-csc-confirme-que-le-meme-critere-sapplique-aux-revendications-de-droits-positifs-et-negatifs\/","title":{"rendered":"Libert\u00e9 d’association : La CSC confirme que le m\u00eame crit\u00e8re s’applique aux revendications de droits positifs et n\u00e9gatifs"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1355″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbfull_width_background\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb top_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_1=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb4%\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb class=\u00a0\u00bbpost-links\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb shape_type=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Le 19 avril 2024, la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada a rendu sa d\u00e9cision dans l’affaire Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des casinos du Qu\u00e9bec c. Association des cadres de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des casinos de Qu\u00e9bec<\/em> (2024 CSC 13). Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 demand\u00e9 \u00e0 la CSC d’examiner une disposition du Code du travail<\/em> du Qu\u00e9bec qui exclut les cadres de la d\u00e9finition du terme \u00ab\u00a0employ\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. La CSC devait d\u00e9cider si cette exclusion violait le droit \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d’association prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par la Charte. <\/p>\n

L’une des questions cl\u00e9s de cet appel \u00e9tait de savoir si les travailleurs affirmant que leurs droits d’association ont \u00e9t\u00e9 viol\u00e9s par l’\u00c9tat doivent satisfaire \u00e0 un crit\u00e8re distinct et plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 lorsqu’ils recherchent une intervention positive de l’\u00c9tat plut\u00f4t qu’une protection n\u00e9gative contre l’ing\u00e9rence de l’\u00c9tat. Les arguments de l’ACLC devant la CSC ont mis en \u00e9vidence le caract\u00e8re illusoire de la distinction entre \u00ab\u00a0droits positifs\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0droits n\u00e9gatifs\u00a0\u00bb dans les relations de n\u00e9gociation collective (et dans le droit de mani\u00e8re plus g\u00e9n\u00e9rale), \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que l’\u00c9tat fait toujours des choix d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9s lorsqu’il prescrit ce qui est requis, interdit ou autoris\u00e9 par la loi. <\/p>\n

La majorit\u00e9 de la CSC a confirm\u00e9 qu’il n’existe qu’un seul crit\u00e8re pour \u00e9valuer une demande de libert\u00e9 d’association, que cette demande soit fond\u00e9e sur des droits \u00ab\u00a0positifs\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0n\u00e9gatifs\u00a0\u00bb all\u00e9gu\u00e9s. Le crit\u00e8re applicable, \u00e9labor\u00e9 dans l’affaire Dunmore c. Ontario (Procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral) <\/em>(2001 CSC 94), <\/em>exige que les tribunaux examinent (1) si l’activit\u00e9 rel\u00e8ve du champ d’application de la garantie de libert\u00e9 d’association de la Charte et (2) si l’action gouvernementale interf\u00e8re avec l’activit\u00e9 prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par la Charte dans son but ou dans son effet. <\/p>\n

En appliquant la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape du test aux faits en cause, la majorit\u00e9 de la CSC a conclu que la demande de l’Association portait sur des activit\u00e9s prot\u00e9g\u00e9es par l’alin\u00e9a 2d) de la Charte, comme le droit de former une association suffisamment ind\u00e9pendante de l’employeur, de pr\u00e9senter des observations collectives \u00e0 l’employeur et de voir ces observations examin\u00e9es de bonne foi. <\/p>\n

Toutefois, la CSC a jug\u00e9 que la deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape du test n’\u00e9tait pas remplie, puisque l’exclusion l\u00e9gislative n’avait pas pour objet de porter atteinte aux droits d’association des gestionnaires, mais plut\u00f4t (1) d’\u00e9tablir une distinction entre la gestion et les op\u00e9rations dans les hi\u00e9rarchies organisationnelles, (2) d’\u00e9viter de placer les gestionnaires dans une situation de conflit d’int\u00e9r\u00eats entre leur r\u00f4le d’employ\u00e9s dans la n\u00e9gociation collective et leur r\u00f4le de repr\u00e9sentants de l’employeur dans le cadre de leurs responsabilit\u00e9s professionnelles, et (3) de donner aux employeurs l’assurance que les gestionnaires repr\u00e9senteraient leurs int\u00e9r\u00eats, tout en prot\u00e9geant les int\u00e9r\u00eats communs distinctifs des employ\u00e9s. La CSC a \u00e9galement estim\u00e9 que l’Association n’avait pas d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que l’exclusion l\u00e9gislative avait pour effet d’entraver substantiellement les droits de ses membres \u00e0 une v\u00e9ritable n\u00e9gociation collective. En effet, les membres de l’Association ont pu s’associer et n\u00e9gocier collectivement avec leur employeur malgr\u00e9 l’exclusion l\u00e9gislative. <\/p>\n

L’ACLC est heureuse de constater que la CSC a r\u00e9affirm\u00e9 que les demandeurs qui sont exclus des r\u00e9gimes de n\u00e9gociation collective ne portent pas un fardeau juridique distinct et plus \u00e9lev\u00e9. Cependant, la d\u00e9cision de la CSC est d\u00e9cevante dans la pratique, car elle sugg\u00e8re qu’il sera toujours difficile pour ces plaignants d’\u00e9tablir une violation de leurs droits d’association. <\/p>\n

L’ACLC remercie Danielle Glatt et Catherine Fan (Paliare Roland) pour leur excellent travail pro bono dans ce dossier.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][nectar_global_section id=\u00a0\u00bb1461″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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droits positifs et n\u00e9gatifs - CCLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Libert\u00e9 d'association : La CSC confirme que le m\u00eame crit\u00e8re s'applique aux revendications de droits positifs et n\u00e9gatifs - CCLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb 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